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September 13

Page history last edited by Chris Koch 2 years, 11 months ago

1848 

 At 4:30 p.m., dynamite blew a tamping iron through the brain of Phineas P. Gage, a 25-year-old foreman of the Rutland and Burlington Railroad.  The incident is often cited in psychology texts because Gage survived the accident, but the brain injury radically altered his personality.  He became indifferent to others, impulsive, and at times grossly profane.  Gage died on May 21, 1861.

1866 

 Adolph Meyer (1866-1950) was born in Niederineningen, Switzerland.  He became the psychiatrist-in-chief at Johns Hopkins Hospital in 1909. Meyer was one of the most prominent psychiatrists of his time and served as president of the American Psychiatric Association from 1927-1928.  His holistic approach, which he called psychobiology, recommended that the organic, psychological, and social factors affecting the patient must all be considered in diagnosis and treatment.  He suggested the appropriateness of the term mental hygiene. Due to emphasis on activities and mental health, Meyer was an early supporter of occupational therapy.

1886 

 Sigmund Freud married Martha Bernays in Wandsbeck, Austria.

1890 

 Volume 1 of William James's Principles of Psychology was published.

1931 

 Clara Mayo was born.  Mayo's goals were to understand and to help alleviate prejudice, sexism, and racism.  As an applied social psychologist, she compared impression formation and nonverbal behavior of participants with different gender and ethnic backgrounds.  Mayo spent a significant amount of time in courtrooms as an expert witness on the effects of prejudice.

1950 

 The National Mental Health Association was created by a merger of the National Committee for Mental Hygiene, the National Mental Health Foundation, and the Psychiatric Foundation.

1977 

 Robert A. Baron's book Human Aggression was published.

1982 

 The International Union of Psychological Science (IUPsyS) was admitted to the prestigious International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU), ending 30 years of denied petitions for membership.  The action was taken at the ICSU's General Assembly in Cambridge, England.  The IUPsyS was represented by vice president Mark R. Rosenzweig.

 

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